Distribution transformer installation requirements and operation and maintenance precautions

1. When installing transformer equipment in distribution equipment, the following standards must be met:

1. When installing tubing, it must be installed in accordance with the requirements of the drawings. The bolts are used for reinforcement, which is done before the radiator is installed. Please install the oil pump port of the radiator before installation.

2. When installing the radiator, it is required that the transformer box is not easy to open, so as not to damage the fuel tank and the air pressure is affected by the tide. Installation shall be carried out in accordance with the graphic elements indicated on the construction drawings and the relevant operation sequence. Before the installation check, carefully check that the seal is good. Before installing the radiator, you need to do some basic work, such as installing the radiator base.

3. After the transformer is installed, it is necessary to conduct trial operation and comprehensive inspection. In order to ensure the normal operation of the transformer after installation, it is necessary to strengthen the technical disclosure before construction according to the quality assessment content. Especially when inspecting transformers, professional technicians must check each part of the transformer installation one by one. At the same time as the inspection, the operational test of the pilot run is performed. If the transformer seal is poor during installation or installation, resulting in oil leakage, the sealing performance must be checked in time.

Two. Distribution transformer in the operation of the fault problem

(A) Distribution transformer sound Distribution transformers will produce some sound during operation. However, under normal circumstances, this part of the sound is relatively smooth, and the decibel change has a certain floating range. However, during the period when the equipment appears, the transformer will produce chaotic, huge sharp, and even similar blasting sounds during operation. If this sound is not handled in time, the transformer will easily produce the damaged pupil due to overload operation, affecting the basic power supply capacity of the enterprise. In addition, if the transformer accessories and screws are loose, there will be a].q sound, and the transformer accessories fail to collide with other parts during operation according to the normal installation position, and there is an obvious friction sound. If the transformer produces a boiling phenomenon of bubbles and liquid overflow during operation, it is likely that the short circuit between turns leads to poor contact of the switch or to poor contact of the tube line in the voltage regulator.

(2) The temperature of distribution transformers In China's power enterprises in general, electrical machinery and equipment, including distribution transformers, are implemented 24 hours of operation. Staff shift operation as much as possible to promote the effect of power enterprises. This mode is also an important factor affecting the service life of the transformer. This state is an overload operating state for the distribution transformer itself, and due to environmental problems, there is no timely heat dissipation, resulting in increased poisontemperature in the equipment, the overall temperature of the transformer will also increase. When a certain temperature is reached, the transformer will have a short circuit, which will cause the transformer to burn out and cannot carry out normal operation.

(3) The amount of oil in the distribution transformer. Distribution transformers are prone to oil seepage or oil leakage during operation. After the phenomenon of leakage, the amount of storage in the transformer will be reduced, and then the air and water vapor involved in it will cause chemical changes in the oil, and the texture of the oil will become viscous and impure. This phenomenon directly affects the heat dissipation of the transformer, and the failure of the transformer will occur in the long run. It's oil color. By observing the oil color in the transformer during operation, it may appear white, red or dark brown. Usually, when the oil is burnt by the arc, there will be a dark brown color, which has more impurities, the insulation of the oil decreases, and the larger particles of some impurities usually have a greater impact on the oil supply of the equipment in the operation. After the insulation material in the transformer equipment ages, the material will be broken down and short-circuit, and the transformer oil color will turn red. In addition, the transformer oil color turns white because of the influence of water vapor and air involved in it. (a) The voltage of the distribution transformer The voltage instability of the distribution transformer may be due to poor grounding, resulting in lightning attacks. In addition, from other factors, the distribution transformer load distribution is uneven. The current setting is not reasonable, resulting in a short circuit between the bushings. Many factors, such as the fusing of high-voltage fuses, the placement of switch joints and other errors, will lead to the voltage instability of distribution transformers, current distribution problems and other problems that lead to the normal operation of equipment.

(1) The power load of China's power enterprises is relatively large, and the phenomenon of three-phase load imbalance often occurs. In this way, the loss of the distribution transformer is large, and the effective capacity of the transformer is reduced. For the emergence of this problem, the enterprise should first conduct a detailed investigation of the load of the distribution transformer. Record and understand the load of the transformer in different seasons and at different times of the day. By adjusting the three-phase load, the operation of the transformer meets the basic specifications of the industry and tries to achieve symmetrical operation. For the capacity of the transformer, the load problem of the transformer operation can be controlled from the aspect of adjusting the time of the peak and valley. (2) Distribution transformer temperature regulation The temperature anomaly of the distribution transformer is usually an important connection with the transformer oil. Dealing with the oil quantity and oil color of transformer oil. First of all, you can check the leakage of the transformer and find out the specific location of the leakage. The problem parts will be tightened to prevent friction between parts. In addition, for the metamorphic oil in the transformer, if the situation is more serious, the transformer oil should be replaced in time. If the oil begins to deteriorate in the early stage, then purification and cleaning prevention is also a way to protect the transformer oil. Re-change the oil should pay attention to add the new transformer oil according to the marked position. (3) Distribution transformer voltage configuration After the distribution transformer is struck by lightning, the organization of the transformer nozzle should be measured first. Find out why the transformer resistance is increased, and reconnect it according to the equipment requirements of the distribution transformer. Under normal circumstances, power enterprises are required to install lightning protection equipment when using distribution transformers. To modify the transformer, the lightning protection equipment, the shell of the transformer and the neutral point of the low voltage side should be connected. Ensure that the ground resistance of the transformer is small.

Four, distribution transformer management and maintenance methods

(A) Distribution transformer monitoring and management Distribution transformer oil For transformer oil is first of all, the regular inspection of oil leakage and oil leakage, reduce the current leakage in operation, and reduce the deterioration of the remaining transformer oil caused by leakage. The transformer should be kept clean and the sealing effect of the discharge valve, cover sleeve and oil level gauge should be seen. In addition, the oil level is also the market to check whether it meets the requirements of the marking ruler position, and it is found that the oil amount is reduced after the use of transformer oil. There is also pay attention to the inspection of the transformer oil color, and try to avoid the occurrence of large-scale deterioration and have to replace the transformer oil. Check the use of insulation materials, replace aging materials, and control possible transformer failures. Distribution transformer equipment parameters The monitoring of three-phase load balance of transformer parameters is a necessary monitoring item in the operation of voltage transformers. In addition, for the attention of the load of the transformer equipment, the overload operation of the equipment is checked. By strengthening the monitoring of three-phase load parameters, and rational distribution of power consumption time and current, the normal and stable operation of the transformer can be ensured. Equipment sound staff and technical maintenance personnel should often monitor the sound of transformer operation to ensure the normal operation of the transformer. When the abnormal sound appears, stop the operation of the equipment, check and analyze the transformer thriftily, find out the cause of the accident, and take the corresponding solution and treatment measures.

(2) Daily repair and maintenance of distribution transformers The relays in distribution transformers are usually baffle type. The inspection of this type of relay can start from the flexibility of oil up and down, and the insulation of the terminals and terminals needs to be controlled well. Power should be paid attention to when the equipment is loaded back, and the installation should be carried out in accordance with the regulations r to ensure that the fuel tank points to the oil storage tank. In addition to paying attention to the cleaning of the equipment during the maintenance process, pay attention to the cleaning of the mud above the winding, and make up or replace the insulation materials and aging conditions. The technical level of staff in overhaul and maintenance is also an influential factor affecting the normal operation of distribution transformers. Enterprises should strengthen the training and management of staff, improve the staff's ability to deal with problems.