When installing the high-voltage control cabinet in Russia, it is necessary to comply with its national standards (such as гост standard), electrical safety regulations and regional characteristics. The following is an explanation from the aspects of standard basis, installation points, safety specifications and special environment adaptation:

I. Basis of Standards and Regulations

National mandatory standard

гострр 50571.1-2014: Low-voltage electrical device Part 1, equivalent to IEC 60364, specifies requirements for grounding, wiring and protection.

гостр 51330.1-2009: General requirements for electrical equipment safety, covering electric shock prevention, fire prevention and mechanical protection standards.

оквэс 003-2011: Russian electrical equipment certification system requires that the control cabinet should pass TR CU 004/2011 (low-voltage equipment safety) and TR CU 020/2011 (electromagnetic compatibility) certification.

Industry special specification

For Siberia and other cold regions, it is required to comply with гост 15150-69 (low temperature environment equipment requirements), and the cabinet should be able to withstand the low temperature of-50℃.

The industrial field shall conform to онтс 101.002-85 (Code for Design of Industrial Electrical Devices), and define the short-circuit current calculation and protection configuration.

Second, the cabinet installation core requirements

1. Environmental adaptability design

Key points of implementation of project standard requirements

Temperature tolerance indoor type: -5℃~+40℃ (common); It needs to reach-30℃~+50℃ in severe cold area (heating device is needed). Install temperature-controlled heater (power is calculated by cabinet volume, 1kW/1m³).

Humidity protection: Relative humidity ≤85% (non-condensing), IP54 protection is required in humid environment, and salt spray (гост 15150) is required in coastal areas. The sealing rubber strip adopts fluororubber, and a dehumidifier is added inside.

Anti-vibration requires that industrial vibration scenes (such as near machine tools) should pass the гост 15150 vibration test (amplitude 0.15mm, frequency 10~50Hz). Damping pad (hardness Shore A 60~70) is installed at the bottom of the cabinet.

2. Installation, fixation and protection

Wall installation:

When the weight of the cabinet is more than ＞50kg, it needs to be fixed with M10 expansion bolts (buried depth ≥100mm), and bolt spacing ≤ 600mm;

The outdoor cabinet should be installed with an inclination of 5, and the top should be provided with a rain eaves (extending beyond the edge of the cabinet by ≥150mm or more).

Basic installation:

The floor-standing control cabinet needs to be poured with concrete foundation (height ≥200mm), the edge of the foundation exceeds the cabinet by 100mm, and ventilation holes (diameter ≥50mm) are reserved at the bottom.

Three, electrical system installation specification

1. Wiring and wire selection

Wire material:

Russia requires the power line to use copper core (гост 22482) with cross-sectional area ≥ 1.5 mm, and the aluminum line is only allowed to be used in certain scenes (such as rural areas approved by power supply companies).

Color identification:

Fire line: A phase yellow, B phase green and C phase red (гост 24297); Zero line: light blue; PE line: yellow and green (consistent with IEC).

Terminal connection:

The copper bar shall be tinned (thickness ≥5μm), and the bolt torque shall be in accordance with гост 25229 standard (for example, M8 bolt torque is 18 ~ 22 nm). Open terminals are prohibited.

2. Grounding system

TN-C-S system:

The PEN line at the entrance shall be repeatedly grounded, and the grounding resistance shall be ≤ 4ω (гостр 50571.1.8.1);

Cross-sectional area requirements of PE line: when the phase line is ≤ 16 mm, the PE line has the same section; When the phase line is greater than 16 mm, the PE line is greater than or equal to 16 mm.

Independent grounding:

If TT system is adopted, 50×5mm galvanized angle steel (2.5m in length) should be used for grounding electrode, the buried depth should be ≥0.8m, and the grounding resistance should be ≤10Ω (salt or resistance reducer should be added when soil resistivity is high).

Four, safety and protection device requirements

1. Overload and short circuit protection

Circuit breaker selection:

It shall comply with гостр 50962 (equivalent to IEC 60898), with D-type release (10~20 times rated current) used for motor circuit and C-type release (5~10 times rated current) used for lighting circuit.

Leakage protection (озн):

Residential buildings and public places shall be equipped with residual current action protectors (rated action current ≤30mA, action time ≤0.3s), which conform to the гостр 50571.6.2 standard.

2. Protection against electric shock

When the cupboard door is opened, the live parts shall be insulated (such as baffles), and the protection level shall be ≥IP2X (fingers cannot touch the live parts);

The exposed copper bus bar needs to be sheathed with heat shrinkable tubes (color corresponds to phase sequence), and the non-charged metal parts in the cabinet need to be reliably connected with PE wires (impedance ≤0.1Ω).

Five, special environmental response measures

1. Installation in cold regions

Heating system:

A constant temperature heater is installed in the cabinet (the power is calculated according to the temperature requirement, and it is recommended to be 1.5 kW/1m cabinet in the environment of -30℃), and the temperature controller sets the start temperature to-5℃ and the stop temperature to+5℃.

Cable handling:

Outdoor cables should be cold-resistant (гост 21482, temperature-50℃), and they should be bent into the cabinet to prevent condensate from flowing in.

2. High altitude areas

When the altitude is more than 1000 m, the electrical clearance shall be revised according to гостр 50571.2.1.3 (for example, the clearance shall be increased by 10% at an altitude of 2000m), and the creepage distance shall remain unchanged;

The arc extinguishing capacity of the circuit breaker needs to be reduced (the rated current is reduced by 5% for every 1000m elevation).

VI. Certification and Documentation Requirements

Compulsory certification

The control cabinet must pass the трцу 004/2011 certification of Russian National Certification Center (Rosstandart), and be affixed with EAC mark (certified by Customs Union);

Key components (such as circuit breakers and contactors) shall be provided with гост certificate or international certification (such as IEC report+Russian localization testing).

Acceptance document

The Installation and Commissioning Report shall be submitted, including:

Grounding resistance test record (using the three-pole method specified in гост 8.332);

Insulation resistance test data (500V megohmmeter, phase-to-phase and ground ≥ 0.5 Mω);

Action test record of protection device (such as breaking time of circuit breaker ≤0.1s).

VII. Differences from European/domestic standards

Project Russian standard (гост) European/domestic standard

The temperature is required to be below-30℃ in cold areas, and the minimum of forced heating design is-5℃ in European EN standard, and there is no special requirement in domestic GB.

Grounding system In TN-C-S system, repeated grounding of PEN line is more stringent. TN-S in Europe is dominant, and TN-C-S in China is similar in application.

The certification system requires EAC certification, and the local testing laboratory needs to report that the European CE certification process is more simplified, and CCC certification is required in China.

Wire material prohibits aluminum wire from being used in power circuit (except for a few scenes). Europe/China allows aluminum wire to be used in certain scenes.

summary

The installation of high-voltage control cabinet in Russia should take гост standard as the core, focusing on the adaptability to cold environment, the compliance of grounding system and the requirements of EAC certification. During installation, the protective measures should be adjusted according to the regional climate (such as the low temperature in Siberia and the humidity in the south), and at the same time, the selection of conductors and the configuration of protective devices should comply with local laws and regulations, so as to avoid acceptance failure or potential safety hazards caused by standard differences.